Downloadable Guide
Real estate formulas reference for investors and operators.
This guide collects the core formulas and metric definitions behind common real estate deal analysis workflows, including cap rate, NOI, cash on cash return, DSCR, levered IRR, and flip-profit logic.
What’s inside
- Cap rate formula and interpretation notes
- NOI definition and common exclusions
- Cash on cash return and investor yield basics
- DSCR formula and lender context
- IRR basics for hold-period analysis
- Flip-profit and all-in basis reminders
This is a reference guide, not a substitute for property-specific underwriting or licensed advice.
Reference sources for practical use
The formulas themselves are standard underwriting concepts, but real-world assumptions still need outside validation. Investors commonly pair the formulas in this guide with CFPB loan-estimate guidance, Freddie Mac mortgage-rate context, and IRS rental-property tax guidance when turning a formula into a real underwriting decision.